Osteochondrosis is a disease caused by degenerative-dystrophic changes in vertebral, intervertebral and ligaments. People after 30 years are most vulnerable to the disease, but the early manifestations of the disease can appear in adolescence.
80-90% of the population is facing this disease.
Symptoms of disease
Depending on the location of the pathological focus, 3 forms of disease are distinguished:
- Osteochondrosis of the cervical area
- Osteochondrosis of the thorax area
- Osteochondrosis of the lumbar area
With damage to the cervical spine, patients' complaints are associated with inadequate nutrition due to blood vessels. The most common complaints are severe headaches and dizziness. In addition, the patient is worried:
- Blood pressure board
- Movement coordination disruption and gait shake
- Reduction in visual acuity;
- Hearing loss, ringing in the ear
- Confused or hoarse
- Envy in a dream is a sign of constant tension from the neck muscles.
When compressing nerves, numbness and finger cooling, weakness in the limbs occur.
If the nerves are violated, severe pain in the neck, scalp pain, sore throat, teeth. Pain extends to the shoulders and limbs.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis of thoracic areas are also painful - intercostal neuralgia. Pain is caused by compression of the nerve root. Chest pain is acute, increasing with cough, inspiration, laughter, while moving.
Pain for osteochondrosis of thoracic areas can simulate other diseases, for example, heart disease, stomach ache.
Lumbar osteochondrosis most often affects people with inactive jobs. It is characterized by pain in the lower back, which is given to the back and feet. With nerve infringement, numbness and cooling, loss of sensitivity, impurities and urine incontinence is possible.
Cause
The disease is considered polyethiological, which is many factors that contribute to the disease. The most common:
- A strong daily load on the spine
- Spinal injury
- Metabolic disorders
- Overweight
- Spinal column curvature
- Descendant
- The process of aging is the body's natural aging.
Diagnostics
Diagnosis of osteochondrosis consists of several stages.
A collection of anamnesis of disease and life
The doctor asks the patient's question to find out:
- Complaint
- Localization of pain and discomfort
- When the first symptoms appear
- Which causes the appearance and increased pain.
- That helps reduce the situation.
It is important to know the patient's working condition, the bad habits of the pain throughout his life, whether there are bruises and spinal injuries, whether one of the immediate relatives of osteochondrosis.
Inspection and palpation
At the examination, the doctor draws attention to the body and posture, to the back and neck symmetry, determining the amount of movement behind, detecting painful areas, assessing muscle tone, determining the presence of pain irradiation, examining sensitivity.
Exam X -Ray
Spinal radiography is performed in two oblique projections, directly and lateral for larger information. Sometimes X-ray research is required with functional, flexible, advanced positioning.
Computed tomography
CT is a study that allows you to clearly consider the body of vertebrae, ligaments, blood vessels and soft tissue. Pictures of one or more spinal segments are performed. CT allows you to determine nerve compression, tears and intervertebral disc hernia, their height, changes in solid brain membranes, vertebral instability.
Magnetic resonance therapy
MRI is used to diagnose osteochondrosis with clear visualization of blood vessels, nerves, intervertebral discs.
Complication
Osteochondrosis is a disease not only back, as it is usually believed. It affects the blood vessels, nerves, muscles. Osteochondrosis causes the development of several related diseases, including:
- Migraine
- The deterioration of vision and hearing
- Intervertebral hernia
- Node schmorl
- Radiculitis
- Lumbago
- Sciatica
- Spondilasis, spondylarthrosis and others.
Disease
Treat osteochondrosis conservatively, in severe cases - immediately.
Conservative treatments include the overall complex of therapeutic procedures: massage, physiotherapy training, physiotherapy, manual therapy, reflexology, spinal attraction and drug treatment.
Medications are prescribed during oppression, help relieve pain, inflammation, and normalization of metabolic processes.
A group of risks
Osteochondrosis risk groups include:
- People who lead a lifestyle that are inactive with inactive work or spend a lot of time driving or on a computer
- People who work or hobbies are associated with lifting weight
- People with excess body mass
- Pregnant
- Women wear high heels.
Prevention
For the prevention of osteochondrosis, it is important to adhere to the rules:
- Do not burden the spine, limit the vertical load
- Do charging, strengthening the spinal muscles, kneading them
- No
- Avoid injuries and spinal bruises
- Do not wear heavy
- Change your body position with long sitting and driving loads.
Diet and lifestyle
The diet for osteochondrosis has no strict restrictions, it can be associated with proper nutrition. It needs to limit salt and sugar. The main thing is that food corresponds to the cost of energy. In the event of overweight, it is necessary to reduce the consumption of sugar -gulas and easily absorb carbohydrates. Replace coffee with tea, sugar -gula -dried fruit.
Every day you need to do exercises, including: inhaling, squats, stings to the side, turning body, running, walking, swinging the feet forward, sideways and backwards.
Sleeping with osteochondrosis is better on a solid surface.
During long work, you need to stretch and turn on the body every 20-30 minutes. With a prolonged position, it is important to change the support point from one foot to another.
If you need to bear weight, you can distribute weight to each hand, you can use a backpack with a wide rope.
Symptom
- Headache
- Hoarse
- Incontinence of urine
- Blurred vision
- Wearing the disadvantages
- Shark
- Archer